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STORAGE METHOD : Please do not clean under any circumstances with water or a dampcloth (there is a risk of damaging the patina). Store in a dry place and in aroom free from moisture. Protect from impacts with hard objects to avoiddamaging the surfaces and patina. Clean and polish with a soft DRY cottoncloth.
The Greco-Persian Wars (also often called the Persian Wars) were a series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire and Greek city-states that started in 499 BC and lasted until 449 BC. The collision between the fractious political world of the Greeks and the enormous empire of the Persians began when Cyrus the Great conquered the Greek-inhabited region of Ionia in 547 BC. Struggling to control the independent-minded cities of Ionia, the Persians appointed tyrants to rule each of them. This would prove to be the source of much trouble for the Greeks and Persians alike. In 499 BC, the tyrant of Miletus, Aristagoras, embarked on an expedition to conquer the island of Naxos, with Persian support; however, the expedition was a debacle and, preempting his dismissal, Aristagoras incited all of Hellenic Asia Minor into rebellion against the Persians. This was the beginning of the Ionian Revolt, which would last until 493 BC, progressively drawing more regions of Asia Minor into the conflict. Aristagoras secured military support from Athens and Eretria, and in 498 BC these forces helped to capture and burn the Persian regional capital of Sardis. The Persian king Darius the Great vowed to have revenge on Athens and Eretria for this act. The revolt continued, with the two sides effectively stalemated throughout 497–495 BC. In 494 BC, the Persians regrouped and attacked the epicenter of the revolt in Miletus. At the Battle of Lade, the Ionians suffered a decisive defeat, and the rebellion collapsed, with the final embers being stamped out the following year. Seeking to secure his empire from further revolts and from the interference of the mainland Greeks, Darius embarked on a scheme to conquer Greece and to punish Athens and Eretria for the burning of Sardis. The first Persian invasion of Greece began in 492 BC, with the Persian general Mardonius successfully re-subjugating Thrace and Macedon before several mishaps forced an early end to the rest of the campaign. In 490 BC a second force was sent to Greece, this time across the Aegean Sea, under the command of Datis and Artaphernes. This expedition subjugated the Cyclades, before besieging, capturing and razing Eretria. However, while en route to attack Athens, the Persian force was decisively defeated by the Athenians at the Battle of Marathon, ending Persian efforts for the time being. Darius then began to plan to completely conquer Greece but died in 486 BC and responsibility for the conquest passed to his son Xerxes. In 480 BC, Xerxes personally led the second Persian invasion of Greece with one of the largest ancient armies ever assembled. Victory over the allied Greek states at the famous Battle of Thermopylae allowed the Persians to torch an evacuated Athens and overrun most of Greece. However, while seeking to destroy the combined Greek fleet, the Persians suffered a severe defeat at the Battle of Salamis. The following year, the confederated Greeks went on the offensive, decisively defeating the Persian army at the Battle of Plataea, and ending the invasion of Greece by the Achaemenid Empire. The allied Greeks followed up their success by destroying the rest of the Persian fleet at the Battle of Mycale, before expelling Persian garrisons from Sestos (479 BC) and Byzantium (478 BC). Following the Persian withdrawal from Europe and the Greek victory at Mycale, Macedon and the city-states of Ionia regained their independence. The actions of the general Pausanias at the siege of Byzantium alienated many of the Greek states from the Spartans, and the anti-Persian alliance was therefore reconstituted around Athenian leadership, called the Delian League. The Delian League continued to campaign against Persia for the next three decades, beginning with the expulsion of the remaining Persian garrisons from Europe. At the Battle of the Eurymedon in 466 BC, the League won a double victory that finally secured freedom for the cities of Ionia. However, the League's involvement in the Egyptian revolt by Inaros II against Artaxerxes I (from 460–454 BC) resulted in a disastrous Greek defeat, and further campaigning was suspended. A Greek fleet was sent to Cyprus in 451 BC, but achieved little, and, when it withdrew, the Greco-Persian Wars drew to a quiet end. Some historical sources suggest the end of hostilities was marked by a peace treaty between Athens and Persia, the Peace of Callias.
This ancient Grecian battle dagger from the Greco-Persian Wars period is a rare and unique artifact made of wrought iron. With its colorful multi-color design and intaglio features, this original piece is guaranteed to be one of a kind. It comes with a Certificate of Authenticity and a 100% lifetime warranty for its uniqueness, making it a valuable addition to any collection. The dagger is sure to be a conversation starter and a fascinating display piece for any collector or history enthusiast.
Expertise ofthe material :WROUGHT IRONwith authentic GENUINE OLD PATINA
EXPERTEVALUATIONCONTROL NUMBER:3785092
MUSEUM GRADE RESTORED
CERTIFICATEOF AUTHENTICITY (COA) : Below in the listing description,for your convenience and security, is a CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICITY (COA) AVAILABLE.
How to obtaina COA - Please print the description and photos ( Photos of your choice ),from the listing if desired (laminate) and apply the printed documents andPhotos to the item.
The Authenticity of our items is guaranteed and protected by our 100% buyer satisfactionguarantee as well as a guaranteed one hundred percent opportunity to return theitem and receive a full refund of the amount you purchased it for, according to policies.
CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICITY (COA)NUMBER :3785092
1. Expertise of the material :WROUGHTironwith authentic GENUINE OLD PATINA
2. MEASUREMENTS & WEIGHT :575grams :Total length including handle370millimeters :Blade width in the widest part50millimeters
3. Condition : Extremely Fine -Museum grade restored
4. GUARANTEES : We give for buyer a 100% lifetime warranty for the uniqueness of this artifact ONE OF A KIND EXTREMELY UNIQUE.
The daggeris presented in its unaltered condition, with detailing of the featuresclearly visible, a relatively smooth surface, and a naturally aged patina, deepcovered in molted variations of hues and colours as maintained. If you examinethe enlarged photos of thisdagger, you'll see that it has been meticulouslycrafted with stunning details. I'm confident that you'll be 100% satisfied with thisdagger, which is not only a beautiful work ofart but also great antiquities. Thank you for considering our offerings, and welook forward to serving you !!! At our shop, we take pride in offering a uniquecollection of Ancient Artifacts of diverse cultures from different eras thatare truly one-of-a-kind. Many of these items are quite old and rare, and once they are sold, wemay not be able to find another one to replace it. That's why we believe thatwhoever possesses one of these special daggerscan be considered to have true pride. We understand that our customersare discerning collectors who appreciate the value and significance of theserare artifacts. That's why we make every effort to ensure that our collectionis authentic and of the highest quality. We believe that owning one of these daggersis not just a matter of acquiring abeautiful object, but also of connecting with a rich cultural tradition thatspans centuries. So if you're looking for a truly uniquedaggerto add to your collection - you are inthe right place ! Our inventory represents time-tested investment quality itemswith everlasting decorative beauty. We look forward to your business andappreciate any reasonable offers. All of our curated items are vetted andguaranteed authentic and as described. We only deals in original antiques andnever reproductions. 100% Customer Satisfaction Guaranteed - We are extremelyconfident that all items presented from our collection are genuine antiques.
Dear buyers, please keep in mind that we are dealing with ancient and antiqueitems. You should not expect ancient and antique items to be as brand new ones.They always have some degree of wearing. Please, take care to examine thephotos and read descriptions. Thank you.
The photosare part of the description in this Listing !!!Dear Customers, you will receive exactly the same item which you see on the pictures,not similar or other. Please read the description carefully and review thephotos. All items, which I sell, are captured with high - photographicequipment and the photos, which I insert in my sales, are with highresolution. The photos are absolutely clear and the potential buyer can trulyidentify the item, which purchased. Photos are not further processed byspecialized software! Upon purchase my item, you will receive exactly the sameitem which you saw on the photo !!! The pictures in listing are CLEAR with opportunities ZOOM for expansion + VIDEO sothat you can perfectly identify all the details of item !
RETURNS : IF YOU HAVE ANY REASON TO DOUBT AITEM THAT YOU HAVE PURCHASED, YOU MAY RETURN IT WITHIN 14 DAYS !!!
Thank you for your time, I wish yousuccessful and happy days.
