Band Decoder Sequencer DN-B10 HF Amplifier LDMOS BLF188 VRF2933 BLF578 SD2933 For Sale


Band Decoder Sequencer DN-B10 HF Amplifier LDMOS BLF188 VRF2933 BLF578 SD2933
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Band Decoder Sequencer DN-B10 HF Amplifier LDMOS BLF188 VRF2933 BLF578 SD2933:
$75.00

Automatic Band Decoder/Sequencer DN-B10

The main objective in the manufacture of high-power amplifier is ensuring high reliability. If the protection of the amplifier had not carefully designed, an accident can happen at any inopportune moment.

All switchings in amplifier should be connected to each other and occur by a single algorithm.
The functions execution algorithm required to consider both the characteristics of building amplifier, and the specifics ofHAM Radioapplications.
An important requirement forHAMengineering is low cost.

TheBand Decoder/Sequencer DN-B10is based on these requirements.

The device is designed for automatic control of switching-mode RX-TX, LPF filters, ATT, BIAS and amplifier protection.

It can be used to automatically select any devices in accordance with the frequency of the signal applied to theBand Decoder. For example, to switch antennas, filters, amplifiers.
The principle of operation of theBand Decoderbased on the measuring the frequency of the signal from the transmitter (Automatic band change based on TX frequency).
It is sufficiently high frequency voltage from ~5V for stable operation, which corresponds to the power of 0.5 W at impedance of 50Ohm.

The control of theBand Decoderperforms the microprocessor PIC16F648A. The cymometer of the microprocessor determines the frequency of the input signal and sets the appropriate range. The minimum tuning step of frequency is 10kHz. Border ranges are distributed as follows:

1.0 – 2.5MHz – 160m;
2.51 – 4.0MHz – 80m;
4.01 – 8.0MHz – 40m;
8.01 – 11.0MHz – 30m;
11.01 – 16.0MHz – 20m;
16.01 – 20.0MHz – 17m;
20.01 – 23.0MHz – 15m;
23.01 – 26.0MHz – 12m;
26.01 – 31.0MHz – 10m;
31.01 – 55MHz – 6m;

TheSequencercontrols the operation mode switching RX-TX amplifier. For safe switching is observed a certain sequence of control signals. The algorithm was written in the program of the microprocessor.

The order of the amplifier from the RX-mode to the TX-mode is as follows:

1.TheBand Decoderturns on corresponding range filter in the amplifier.

2.It is measured the input power. If the input power exceeds the power recorded in the memory of the microprocessor – it prohibits the next step and stops the work. The indicators of the range are blinking in this case.
If the power does not exceed the power recorded in the memory of the microprocessor – it allows the next step – turning on theSequencer.
TheSequenceris turning on from the PTT signal from the transceiver.

3.ALC reduces the power of the transceiver to 0W at 50mS.

4.During 50mS while ALC is turned on, the antenna is connected to the output of the amplifier. The delay of the antenna relay is 40mS.

5.The amplifier input is connected to the transceiver. The delay of the relay is 10mS.

6.The voltage BIAS is served .

7.ALC increases the power of the transceiver to the nominal.

8.When the transceiver is returned to RX-mode theSequenceris turning off and the amplifier is switching to the RX-mode.

TheBand Decodercan operate autonomously. It is enough only to submit the frequency on it.

Screenshots of the waveforms of control signals:

R-IN <–> R-OUT

R-IN <-> BIAS

ALC+S <-> ALC

ALC <-> BIAS

ALC <-> R-OUT

Additional features of Band Decoder/Sequencer.

To obtain the same power range between the transceiver and the amplifier use the attenuator. TheBand Decoder/Sequencercan control two attenuators. You can choose of the four state attenuators at any range:

1.Both ATT off.
2.Turns on ATT No. 1.
3.Turns on ATT No. 2.
4.Turn on both ATT.

State of attenuators is selected on the stage of programming the microprocessor.

The original program of turn on used next an algorithm:

160m, 80m, 40m, 30m – ATT1 on, ATT2 off.
20m, 17m, 15m – ATT2 on, ATT1 off.
12m, 10m, 6m – ATT2, ATT1 off.

For control the protections of the amplifier can be applied the comparator, for example, to overload protection the input of the amplifier. The reference voltage for comparator may vary depending on the range. For the operation of the comparatorDN-B10forms separately for each voltage range PWM.

Two buttons \"more-less\" select the desired level of voltage and store it to the memory of the microprocessor. Press the button and hold until the voltage reaches the desired value. The indicators will indicate the voltage level in the range of 1-255. The actual voltage at pin PWM will be from 0V to +5V. The values are saved when you turn off the voltage of theBand Decoder/Sequencer.

The pinout of connectors.

X1 +12V. Connected in parallel to a contact +12VX4.

2

160m

Open collector 74LS145. Current up to 80mA, voltage up to 15V.

3

80m

Open collector 74LS145. Current up to 80mA, voltage up to 15V.

4

40m

Open collector 74LS145. Current up to 80mA, voltage up to 15V.

5

30m

Open collector 74LS145. Current up to 80mA, voltage up to 15V.

6

20m

Open collector 74LS145. Current up to 80mA, voltage up to 15V.

7

17m

Open collector 74LS145. Current up to 80mA, voltage up to 15V.

8

15m

Open collector 74LS145. Current up to 80mA, voltage up to 15V.

9

12m

Open collector 74LS145. Current up to 80mA, voltage up to 15V.

10

10m

Open collector 74LS145. Current up to 80mA, voltage up to 15V.

11

6m

Open collector 74LS145. Current up to 80mA, voltage up to class=\"rtecenter\" style=\"text-align: center;\">X2 of the ATT1 relay. TTL output +5V up to 10mA.

2

ATT2

Control of the ATT2 relay. TTL output +5V up to of the IN-relay. TTL output +5V up to transmission power of the transceiver. Output +12V to 100mA.

6

+TX 12V

Voltage +12V TX. Output +12V to of the OUT-relay. TTL output +5V up to 10mA.

8

IN PROC

Input. External control of ALC+12V and ALC. Apply +5-12V.

9

ALC

Control of ALC of the transceiver. Adjustable output from 0V to -9V, to of ALC of the transceiver. TTL output +5V up to 10mA.

12

PWM

Control of the protection, voltage from 0V to + 5V. The load current is less than 0,5mA. Rl > 10k.

13

PWR

Input. Disables the control of the LPF relay. Apply +5V.

14

BIAS

The bias voltage for the transistors of the amplifier. Output +12V to 100mA.

15

PTT

PTT input. Shorted to ground for translation in the class=\"rtecenter\" style=\"text-align: center;\">X3 for measurement of frequency. The minimum level of ~5V.

2

GND

Ground. Power supply return. Chassis ground.

X4 supply voltage from +12VDC to +14VDC. The current consumption 80mA.

2

GND

Ground. Power supply return. Chassis ground.

Application of the Band Decoder/Sequencer.

For the power of theBand Decoder/Sequencerused sufficiently stabilized voltage 5V, current up to 80mA. But for the unification of the supply voltage is applied the additional stabilizer DA1 7805. Therefore, the supply voltage may not be stable and range from +12VDC to +14VDC. The higher the voltage than the stronger will be heated 7805. Increasing the voltage will increase the power that is dissipated on DA1. Power is supplied to connectorX4.

The limit voltage of the input frequencyFin~5V to ~70V. The optimum value of the voltageFin~15V to ~30V. The sensitivity of theFininput is adjustable with variable resistor (trimmer) R23. The sensitivity of theFininput sets on a stable working of the cymometer on all bands. To adjust the sensitivity of theFinshould be at smaller power values. To start the adjustment in position of the rolling contact R23 closer to the output connected with ground. Frequency is served to connectorX3.

The sensitivity of the input of the input power meterPis adjusted by a variable resistor (trimmer) R25.

The ALC voltage to control the transceiver is adjusted by a variable resistor (trimmer) R36 in the range from 0V to -9V.

For control of theLow Pass Filtersrelay is used DD6 74LS145D. The limiting parameters of one key of this chip are the current up to 80mA, the voltage up to 15V. Key – transistor with open collector. The LPF relay must be diode device is activated from the surge reverse current. The outputs the keys of the chip output to theX1connector.

The measured input power –Pinis the special feature ofDN-B10. The power valuesPare stored in 10 memory cells of the microprocessor separately for each range. When the input power is exceeding the value stored in the memory cell is activated a ban on the next step of the program.

You need to enter the menu to set the voltage level. Before turning on theBand Decoderpress and hold the button SA2. Turn on theBand Decoder(apply +12V). The indicators will displaytU2. Set the desired voltage level by buttons. Press simultaneously both buttons to save the value. The indicators will displaySAF. Now when you turn on each voltage range, thePwill be restored to the level saved in the memory of the microprocessor.

As soon as the input power Pin exceeds the level P in the memory cell is activated ban program. Blinking of digits of the range is indicated for the ban. Accordingly, the Sequencer doesn\'t turn on and the amplifier doesn\'t go to TX mode.

TheALC+12V,ALC+S,ALCsignals will appear andBIASturns off if the valuePinexceeds the valuePwhen theSequenceris turned on. Thus the power of the transceiver will decrease and protection system will switch the amplifier to safe mode. The indicators of the range will blink and the operation of theSequencerwill be blocked until switch to the modeRX.

The power level for the measurement is adjusted R25. It is desirable to set this levelPinto measure when the values ofPwill be close to the maximum value of 10-14. This minimizes the hazardous impact of inductions on the circuit of the power signals are output to the connectorX2.

Pin #1.The ATT1 output – TTL +5V, up to 10mA.
Pin #2.The ATT2 output – TTL +5V, up to 10mA.

The Appendix contains the schemes of use ATT1; ATT2.

Pin #3.The groundGND. Connect the negative supply voltage.

Pin #4.TheR-INoutput – TTL +5V, up to 10mA. The R-IN signal is formed by turn on PTT and the Sequencer. It is controls the input relay of the amplifier. R-IN signal appears after 40mS after R-OUT. The time delay allows to the reliably switch the R-OUT relay.

Apply the powerful R-OUT relay. So it turning on takes more time. The selected time is 40mS. During this time turn on the vast majority of used types of relay. It use of low power R-IN relay. To turn on such relays enough 10mS.

Pin #5.The outputALC+12V– power voltage +12V, up to 100mA. Its function is similar to ALC, but it is another type of output (outgoing) signal. TheALC+12Vsignal appears only when is the PTT signal and theSequenceris turned on. The duration of theALC+12Vsignal is 50mS since turning on theSequencer. The Appendix contains the schemes of applyingALC+12V.

Pin #6.The output+TX 12V– the voltage of +12V, up to 100mA. The voltageTX +12Vis designed for switching circuits of the amplifier to transmission mode. The voltage appears when you pressPTTif theSequenceris turned on.

Pin #7.TheR-OUToutput – TTL +5V, up to 10mA. The control of the antenna relay is in the amplifier. It is formed when is the presence of a PTT signal if theSequenceris (activated) turned on.

Pin #8.TheIN-PROCinput is an external control ofALC+12VandALCsignals. Apply +5-12V. For example, on theIN-PROCinput can be applied a signal from the SWR-meter or the current consumption meter of the amplifier, in case of exceeding of nominal parameters. At the time of apply the signal toIN-PROCinput theALC+12VandALCsignals will appear.

Pin #9.The outputALCis the сontrol of ALC of the transceiver. The voltage can be adjusted by trimmer R36 from 0V to -9V, current up to 10mA. The ALC signal appears only when is the PTT signal and theSequenceris (activated) turned on. The duration of theALCsignal is 50mS since turning on theSequencer.

Pin #10.The groundGND. Connect the negative supply voltage.

Pin #11.The output of ALC+S – TTL +5V, up to 10mA. It is the сontrol of ALC of the transceiver. The ALC signal appears only when is the PTT signal and the Sequencer is (activated) turned on. The duration of the ALC+S signal is 45mS since turning on the Sequencer. The ALC+S signal can be used for transceivers with slow ALC.

Pin #12.ThePWMoutput. The voltage of this output can be programmed from 0V to +5V. The load resistance for voltage of PWM should be at least 10k.

You need to enter the menu to set the voltage level. Before turning on theBand Decoderpress and hold the button SA1. Turn on theBand Decoder. The indicators will displaytU2. Set the desired voltage level by buttons. Press simultaneously both buttons to save the value. The indicators will displaySAF. The voltage is stored individually for each range, in ten separate memory cells. Now when turn on the voltage range the PWM will be restored to level stored in memory of the microprocessor. The Appendix contains the schemes of possible application the voltage of PWM in the protection of the amplifier.

Pin #13.The PWR input. It turns off DD6 74LS145D when applying + 5V. You can turn off the control DD6 by activation of the PWR if the amplifier provides additional control of the LPF relay from the switch or the transceiver.

Pin #14.TheBIASoutput – the voltage of +12V to 100mA. It is the bias voltage for the transistors of the amplifier. The voltage of the BIAS appears after 50mS from R-OUT signal and 10mS from the R-IN signal. Time delays can switch reliably the R-OUT and R-IN relays. Thereby the accident of amplifier is eliminating.

Pin #15.ThePTTinput. It must be shorted to ground. It is the control of theSequencer. The+TX 12V; ALC +12V; ALC +S; ALC; R-OUTsignals will appear first if not exceeded the threshold of input powerP; Through 40mS appearsR-IN, then after 10mS appearsBIASandALC +12V; ALC +S; ALCwill turn off. When you turn offPTTtheSequenceris deactivated and all the signals will turn off.

Pin #16.The groundGND. Connect the negative supply voltage.

Please note, all pictures in full size look at the author\'s website here -WWW.UT2FW.COM

Appendix

A variant application of PWM voltage to protect the amplifier.

On the example is a circuit protection module LPF600. U1:2 is the follower, U1:1 – the comparator VT1-VT2 commute the voltage, VT2 \"locks\" the state of the VT1. When removing the voltage TX+12V the circuit returns to its original state.

The REF signal is from the SWR meter. The measured signal labeled as Pin. The output XS3 No. 3 PROTECTION +13.8 V connect to the IN-PROC DN-B10 input. The Pin signal – can be a signal from the current consumption meter of the amplifier.

Very often, the amplifier consumes different current at different ranges. Or the REF signal from the SWR meter, if the antennas have different SWR on different bands. The use of PWM allows you to set the protection individually for each range of the operation.



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